Submitted by Thomas Kolbe,
The European Central Bank (ECB) is pushing ahead with the “Digital Euro” project. On a new interaction platform, it is seeking dialogue with banks, startups, fintechs, and retailers. What is being sold as an open discourse is, in truth, calculated camouflage.
While the economic policy debate has shifted to the trade conflict with the US, things have gone quiet around the digital euro (CBDC). Yet, the ECB recently launched an online interaction platform where merchants and payment service providers can express their opinions about the new payment system. About 70 pre-selected market participants are to test the “ecosystem” of the digital euro in real-world applications and identify problems. The platform enables the testing of new payment services, such as conditional payments or the integration of digital wallets in post offices. Proponents of the project aim to modernize the payment system, granting access to the financial system even to those currently excluded due to their economic situation.
However, this mainly applies to people in poorer regions of the world-here, the benefit of a digital payment infrastructure, as offered by stablecoins (usually denominated in US dollars), is obvious. The question is whether we should consider something like this for the eurozone. Does the Chinese model of the digital yuan really align with our values, which should balance utility, efficiency, security, and individual sovereignty?
What is the Digital Euro?
The digital euro would be a small revolution, leading to a fully centralized form of central bank money. In tokenized form, it could be technically programmed and controlled-each monetary unit could be assigned conditions, each transaction centrally managed. The ECB would then be the sole issuer and operator of central wallets and the entire account infrastructure.
This raises questions about the future of commercial banks. At best, they could only function as distribution channels-their traditional role as intermediaries in payment transactions would effectively disappear. Lending would then fall into the hands of a largely autonomous central entity, which, needless to say, would be synchronized with the European Union’s objectives. According to its own statements, the ECB aims to develop the digital euro as a “secure, free-of-charge, and privacy-friendly means of payment” that, as is claimed in Frankfurt, is only intended to supplement the use of cash.
Such assurances from the ECB are nothing new, and so the launch of the interaction platform should be interpreted as a media charm offensive-or better: as a kind of transparency simulation that distracts from the real problems of this technology. Participants are pre-selected service providers whose expertise is indispensable for system design and procedural processes. Direct attacks on the monetary sovereignty of individuals or the separation of state and monetary system are not addressed on the platform. A public vote on the future of cash in the eurozone seems more unlikely than ever.
The Current State
Since November 2023, the European Central Bank has been in a two-year preparatory phase. By October or November of this year, technical foundations, data protection requirements, and initial tests are to be completed. The recently launched interaction platform, where citizens, merchants, and payment service providers can participate, is part of this process. Technically, the ECB is clearly oriented towards existing stablecoin models, where transactions are fast, secure, and free of charge. ECB President Christine Lagarde had already suggested in March that the digital euro could be introduced as early as October 2025.
But as so often with large-scale EU projects, this timeline seems overambitious and born out of haste. The challenge lies not only in technical complexity-billions of transactions are processed daily via existing systems-but also in the sensitive interplay between the central bank, commercial banks, retailers, and consumers. The overhaul is like trying to move a monolith by hand: massive, sluggish, risky.
Furthermore, the security architecture of the digital euro remains largely in the dark. Given the real threat of targeted attacks from the international hacker scene, this reticence is remarkable-real dangers, as well as fundamental systemic criticism, are ignored.
The Leviathan-Thoughts on the Background of CBDC
The digital euro is not a neutral means of payment. It is a tool of power. The ECB is no longer positioning itself merely as a central bank but as the central technological infrastructure operator for payments in Europe. For the first time, it would have direct access to the entire monetary infrastructure of the eurozone-from payment flows to account management and even to the potential control of individual monetary units. The digital euro would give the ECB not only more insight into financial activity but also far-reaching intervention and control possibilities over the financial system-with significant political and social implications.
As a largely autonomous entity, the European Central Bank has evaded democratic control since its inception. Even during the last sovereign debt crisis 15 years ago, it managed to massively expand its real-world powers by buying up government bonds on a large scale and thus effectively beginning to monetize government debt. The planned introduction of a digital euro would further cement this immediate power-with potentially profound consequences for the balance between monetary sovereignty, fiscal responsibility, and democratic legitimacy.
Why the Rush?
Against this backdrop, a central question arises: Why is the ECB pushing for the introduction of a digital euro right now? The eurozone has been stuck in a structural economic and debt crisis for some time. Germany’s economy, traditionally the EU’s anchor of stability, is in its third year of a persistent recession. At the same time, many southern European countries have long since lost control over their national debt.
Amid this fragile situation, the ECB is increasing the pressure to implement digital central bank money-a step that is not only technocratically motivated but also aims to deeply reshape the architecture of the European financial system. France, with a national debt of 120%, and Italy, with 140%, will not be able to escape the debt spiral without massive monetary interventions-the ECB is firmly planned as the “lender of last resort” in the capitals of the eurozone. Massive credit injections and yield curve control seem to be the only way out of this dilemma. A sovereign default is not an option, as it would mean the end of the entire eurozone.
The Greek crisis is a reminder. However, the mountain of debt in the eurozone has continued to rise to 95%. Bringing it under control in the event of a debt crisis would be much more complicated. The necessary expansion of the credit base to rescue over-indebted states would be so massive that investors would question the stability of the currency. In such a scenario, the digital euro would not be a neutral means of payment but a tool for market closure-with programmable transactions that could nip any capital flight in the bud.
The digital euro thus mutates into an electronic bolt: the ECB raises the drawbridges of the EU fortress to prevent a flight from the system and thus the collapse of the euro.
Consequences and Outlook
What is obviously underestimated in the Frankfurt ECB Tower is the speed at which mobile capital moves today. It is to be expected that the already beginning capital flight from the eurozone will accelerate dramatically-precisely at the moment when rumors spread in European financial centers that the ECB wants to close the gates with the help of a digital euro.
Given the political movement in the United States against CBDCs and the clear rejection of this technology by the Federal Reserve, there is a danger that Europe, especially the eurozone, will isolate itself through the ECB’s initiative. Unlike the United States, which is currently pursuing deregulation and free-market policies, the euro CBDC appears as a digital panopticon: a central authority that monitors everything, controls everything, and reserves the right to intervene at its discretion. An opaque monster that directly threatens the sovereignty of the citizen.
With the digital euro, the ECB is not only planning the creation of a new means of payment. We are witnessing an attempt to radically change the way we handle money.
What is being touted as a convenient, cashless payment option could turn out to be a Trojan horse for deep control of the financial system and the individual citizen. Unfortunately, the new interaction platform does not offer the opportunity to discuss these thoughts in detail.
